Saturday, October 11, 2014

Togher Boundary Walk - Ted O'Riordan

Whilst the Blog serves as the voice of the Togher Historical Association and endeavours to  " Talk the Talk " , one Togher local  decided , following the 2nd Boundary Debate held on 19th September 2014 , to literally " Walk the Walk! ". So it was on Wednesday 8th October that Ted O'Riordan set off on a pre-planned course around some of the District boundary of Togher ( which also incorporated most of the Catholic Parish of the same name ). For practical reasons , it was decided to shave off sections of the terrain south of Chetwynd ( Knocknamallavoge and Knockalisheen ) due in the main to the private ownership of the farming Townlands and the westerly Townlands of Lehenagh More and Lehenagh Beg due to the difficulty of negotiating cross country routes.


Ted O'Riordan
 Boundaries Walk 2014


Carrying the pride of Togher on his shoulders Ted O'Riordan set off in the afternoon from Sandown Crest using this as his starting point for a rigorous round trip of 15.36 Kilometres which he completed in 2 Hours and 21 Minutes. Despite the inclement weather , he braved the elements wholeheartedly and captured some brilliant checkpoint photographs along the way as proof of his achievement. What began as a sunny day eventually descended into a downpour on the homeward stretch. Nevertheless , the walk was completed in admirable style and with great panache. The Blog would like to take this opportunity to thank him for his noble and selfless efforts in promoting the District and Parish through his fantastic walk.


Starting Point - Sandown Crest/Togher Cross


Deanrock Estate/Market Gardens


Togher Square/Togher Road


Edward Walsh Road/Ardmanning Hill


Earlwood Estate


Cherry Tree Road


Maple Place/Birch Place/Whitebeam Road


Clashduv Park/Clashduv Road


Footbridge Glasheen River


Footpath South Ring Road


Selfie - St James Cemetary Chetwynd


Mahers Lane


Spur Cross


Corcorans Bridge


Lehenaghmore Park


Matthews Hill


Pouladuff Bridge


Pouladuff Road/Vicars Road


Selfie - The Lough/Togher Road


Ardmanning


Ardmanning Hill


Finishing Point - Togher Bridge and Home

Monday, October 6, 2014

Boundaries Debate - Conclusions

Soon after the 2nd Boundaries Debate ended , it was decided to immediately search more extensively for a Parish map of Togher and to this end it was accidentally discovered in Tom O'Keeffe's first Book - " Togher , A Brief History ". Even though the photocopy was of poor quality , it could be discerned from cross comparing with modern aerial photography exactly the path the drawn border took , especially with regard to the southernmost portion. It should be officially stated that Parish boundaries are purely for administrative purposes for the Catholic Church or indeed any religion as an area of operations for its Clergy and are not legal boundaries. However , judging by the 1997 facsimile as shown below ( poor quality image ) most of Togher's Townlands were taken into account , with alas some parts , such as the southern end of Knockalisheen being used to form the Northern part of Ballinaboy Parish and the eastern regions of Lehenagh More and Lehenagh Beg forming part of Ballyphehane Parish. Despite the shaving off of territory by the Catholic Hierarchy , it is still a matter of fact that these Townlands in their entirety remain affiliated to Togher through their shared historical connections.


Togher R.C. Parish boundary as of 1997


Togher Parish ( R.C. ) boundaries then are as follows: Beginning at the junction of Pouladuff Road and following a line through Edward Walsh Road ( all houses fronting onto same ) down to Togher Road and through Sycamore Place ; then up Hazel Road and across Cherry Tree Road and down towards Whitebeam Road ( Taking in Maple Place and Birch Place ) and towards the Glasheen Bridge , the Church boundary then completely follows the course of the Glasheen River from this point westwards , with all lands south of same coming under its influence right along the South Ring Road before turning onto the Waterfall Road and back up Morrison's Ravine and across country ( to bisect the roads which lead back up north to Crossnacroha a.k.a. Spur Cross ) following the flow of the Glasheen River right to its source near the Runway and turning north to follow the road running alongside the Liberty Stream and the Airport. The boundary then follows the road down to Corcorans Bridge after which it takes the descending road down to Matthews Hill and onto Pouladuff Crossroads. Its final leg then travels on up the Pouladuff Road to meet with the junction again at Edward Walsh Road. This then is the Parish of Togher as determined by the R.C. Church as of 1997.


 Togher District 
( including Parish and Greater Catchment area )


Please note however , that all peripheral lands in the following Townlands ( which fall into Ballinaboy , Lough and Ballyphehane Parishes ) as discussed in previous articles still lie within Togher District and or Suburb : Clashduff , Ardmanning More , Killeenreendowney West , Knockalisheen , Lehenagh More and Lehenagh Beg. In conclusion regarding pockets of land in Doughcloyne and Garrane Darragh purporting to be from Wilton Parish and or District , this notion can be easily dismissed as misinformation , all territory therein being in both Togher Parish and Togher District. Likewise Freagh & Vicars Acre is firmly within the Togher boundaries , both historically and religiously. Finally a line can now be drawn under the search for Togher's proper boundaries ( District and R.C. Parish ) and a functioning Study Area is now in place for future research and exploration by the Togher Historical Association & Blog.

Tuesday, September 30, 2014

Boundaries Debate II - 19th September 2014 - Togher Community Centre

On the 19th September 2014 , the Blog held a second Boundaries Debate at the Togher Community Centre in Togher at 7.30 p.m. This was a follow on from the previous meeting which proved inconclusive and a revisit was decided on by all present. The purpose of the assembly was to fine tune that which had been discussed before , taking into account ecclesiastical , political and common historical connections. Attendees present on the night were Billy O'Brien ( hosting ) , Daniel O'Riordan , Kathleen O'Keeffe , James O'Brien , Teddy O'Riordan , Eamonn Pearse ( who prepared the event in advance ) with two special guests -  Alex O'Keeffe and Paul O'Keeffe ( Archaeologist ) - who contributed greatly as shall be mentioned later in the article. Appreciation is extended to Fergal Dennehy for booking the room and to the Caretaker ( name unknown ) who patiently waited until the meeting was finished at approximately 9.30. p.m.


Group photograph with special guest 
Archaelogist Paul O'Keeffe ( far right )


The debate began with a brief reiteration of the previous talk with a quick recap of the various factions and borders involved. As is known factually and historically speaking , Togher as a common law entity has existed in one form or another for many Centuries. It is perhaps not accurate to suggest that Togher did not officially exist until 1977 when it became a Catholic Parish in its own right. The fact remains , that even though it had been included in the old Civil Parish of St. Finbarrs and subsequently the Roman Catholic Parish of St. Finbarrs South and in 1890 the much reduced newer St. Finbarrs West Parish a.k.a. The Lough Parish ; it has always had its own identity and was well known and accepted. Even up to 1977 , as part of the Lough Parish ( and Togher people have a deep affinity with the body of water there , with the Togher Road beginning not far from its calm shores ) locals had no problem with identification as Togher. It is perhaps more worrying that later residents from out of town would carry that particular weight on their shoulders.


Trawling through the maps with some expert help


Long before any modern Suburbs or creation of new smaller Parishes , Togher itself was conceived of as painting a very broad canvas. And this was respected without any affront. Roads leading into Togher from as far afield as Friar's Walk were spoken of as Togher , though this may have been a colloquial way of explaining that a person was journeying towards Togher. It must be understood , that the area or region was still very much an agricultural hinterland even though so close to the City and that the land was fairly sparse when it came to actual houses.


Archaelogist Paul O'Keeffe , Kathleen O'Keeffe 
and Billy O'Brien


An important point was raised when looking at other Religious Faiths and their own drawing of boundaries. Of particular interest was the local Church of Ireland Parish of Frankfield , which takes in parts of Togher - Lehenagh Beg and Lehenagh More and extends right across to Douglas. Poignantly , this still does not detract from the Togher name. And of course there are other Faiths , Christian and Non-Christian which may have their own boundaries and titles. This will need further inquiry. All of this serves to remind any local historians that Religion is but one small , though important part of the story.


Daniel O'Riordan steering the 
debate along nicely in his own style


The Blog decided to begin with the boundaries as understood of the present day Catholic Parish and to flesh the territory out from this starting point. The official Catholic website is vague on the actual borders offering only a summary explanation and it was to Richard Henchion's book , " The Land Of The Finest Drop " that reference had to be made. In it , only the Northern portion of the Parish is described : " From Pouladuff Road , down Edward Walsh road ( all houses fronting on to same ) across Togher Road and through Sycamore Place , then up Hazel Road and across Cherry Tree Road and down towards Birch Place and Whitebeam Road and over towards Glasheen Bridge ".


Humour was mixed with the more serious topics


Even the Catholic Diocese maps are discretionary at best and do not show the southernmost portions of the Parishes. But it can be inferred from the cartography with comparisons made with modern aerial photography that the Boundary follows the course of the Glasheen River all the way around the Townlands of Deanrock , Doughcloyne , Garranedarragh , Chetwynd and right down to Knockalisheen from where it begins as a streamlet. Knockamallavoge had been in question , but because of its landlocked nature in relation to the other Townlands of Togher ( Knockalisheen to its South and Doughcloyne to its East ) and the natural feature of the Glasheen River , it was decided that it would have been incomprehensible and illogical for the Catholic Church not to include it as such.


Togher as a Catholic Parish as shown by Diocese


The journey around the region began again at the North , starting at the Pouladuff Road from the junction with Edward Walsh Road and continued South down the thoroughfare towards Pouladuff Crossroads at the Glenmore River by Lehenagh Beg and back up towards the Airport , using the Airport Road as a marker , but realistically citing the actual fast flowing waters of Glenmore as the flanks of the Lehenaghs. Passing Farmers Cross near the entrance to the Airport and further on for a few hundred yards the boundary extends across fields , dissecting the bottom half of the runway and right across the southern end of Gortagoulane to once more meet up with Knockalisheen. Even though Ballyphehane Parish lays claim to the Airport , the actual Terminals and Hotels and the northern potion of the runway fall within Lehenagh More , which is decidedly Togher District. Of course any contentious lobbying by parties is perhaps futile and at best relative , given the recent designation of boundaries by the Catholic Church. In conclusion , all lands within the aforementioned borders are Togher Parish/District.

Of course , as already stated , the modern boundaries were only one side of a double edged sword. Of particular relevance was the portion of land immediately North of the " Parish ". This would include the entirety of Ardmanning More Townland , which today houses Earlwood Estate and the now demolished Ardmanning House and Shopping Centre ( which during the 1970s was titled as Togher S.C. ). All territory West of the Pouladuff Road in Killeenreendowney has a Togher Address - Boston Park , Ardmanning Lawn , Ardmanning Avenue , all houses fronting onto the Togher Road ( locally known as Ardmanning Hill ) and all houses fronting ( on the West side ) onto the Pouladuff Road south of the junction with Pearse Road and thence south again to Pouladuff crossroads and back up the Airport Road ( more properly the Glenmore River ).


Cork City Local Electoral Districts showing 
Togher A ( white ) and Glasheen C 
( parts of Togher ) and Togher A ( greyed out )


One interesting motion was offered by Paul O'Keeffe as to Clashduff Townland being considered completely a part of Togher. However , historically this particular pocket of land has been de facto split between Togher and Glasheen. Even though there is no Glasheen Parish , the region has been mapped as a Suburb in its own right from earliest times. Thus the Western portion which buffers the Glasheen Road is recognised as an entity in its own right with the Eastern portion attributed to Togher , in its recent pre - Development phase known locally as " Ardmanning " ( Togher ) taking in parcels of Killeenreendowney West , certain parts of Clashduff and of course both Ardmanning Townlands. The Catholic Parish lines drawn to delineate Togher actually acknowledged this agreed boundary , making this and Killeenreendowney West the only 2 Townlands to have an historic division , perhaps harking back to more ancient sub divisions.


Determined territory of Togher


The Blog finalised the ongoing Issue with Address snobbery in regions of Doughcloyne and readily agreed that all were within not only Togher Parish but also within Togher District. These lands are not included in the official Wilton Parish which does not stray south of the Glasheen River and all lands therein carry a Togher Address.

Religion and Addresses notwithstanding , modern Political Divisions have thrown their hat into the arena with the quirky mapping of their Local Electoral districts , which amongst others see parts of Togher labelled as Glasheen. It was agreed that these are not official or commonly understood partitions of land and serve only as administrative areas and can be dismissed out of hand.

Paul O'Keeffe gave some great insights into what could reasonably be considered Togher , both in its status as a Parish and a District and advised on Townland boundaries as well as the southerly townlands of Knocknamallavoge ( not mentioned in the "Togher Past And Present " book but was determined as already stated as being in Togher Parish ) and Knockalisheen ( which is considered as Togher ).


 Final verdict being delivered on area 
of operations to be studied in future


A welcome tea break followed the intense discussions which were punctuated with dry humour  and indigenous patois which could only stem from Togher people. Some quick scanning duties for another project were completed and the group departed tired but more informed about the often thorny subject of lines on maps. Yet again , a rose by any other name ...


Example of An Tochar Causeway


In conclusion the idea of Togher has its roots in the ancient lands of the Ui Mhic Ceir who had their stronghold at Kilmohanoch marked for many Centuries by the Teampaleen ( Church and Graveyard ) located between Matthew Hill and Cros na Gol and the general area therein and can be argued to have existed in one form or another since the 3rd Century A.D. The fact that this vanished medieval town is no more is what makes it all the more tantalizing and is definitely something the Blog will be investigating in much greater detail next year. Terms encountered during research such as Maghy ( Plain ) and Toher Meddow are all the more intoxicating and should serve as primers for engendering more enthusiasm and gusto towards the mission of uncovering yet more of the districts misty past. It should also be pointed out that the Debate was important for a variety of reasons : One ; to actually discover the extent of the territory and Two ; to establish same for the purposes of a factually correct study area.

Saturday, September 27, 2014

7th Fieldwork Trip - 13th September 2014 - Corcoran's Bridge , Original Water Pump & Chetwynd House

Acting on the spur of the moment , Kathleen O'Keeffe ( acting as Driver ) and Billy O'Brien ( acting as photographer ) of the Togher Historical Association decided to do a tour d'horizon of Lehenaghmore and Chetwynd Townlands. Of course attempting to take in everything in a 2 hour session proved impossible so certain targets were discussed and agreed upon before setting off. The brilliant sunny weather aided in no small measure to ensuring a fantastic day jaunting around Togher's splendid hinterland.


 
 Liberty Stream flowing from Marsh 
towards Corcorans Bridge - Airport side


Liberty Stream entering Corcoran's Bridge
 - Airport side


First port of call was the roadway across from the North runway of Cork Airport. This particular bend carries the name of Corcorans Bridge and it was here that the day's activities began. The bridge is important for one main reason - it is the first man-made structure that the Liberty Stream passes under , on its downward journey to Togher Cross and then out to sea. Previous to any investigation , it was thought that the " Bridge " was simply a concrete pipe. But after clambering down to have a look , Billy O'Brien was delighted to report it was an actual bone fide bridge , with cut limestone blocks arranged in an arch with keystone in place and a block floor beneath to prevent erosion. Even though the stream technically begins a little further back as a rivulet from the exotically titled Cumar na dTrí nUisce or Meeting of the Three Waters , a natural spring which through underground pressure slowly empties the vast aquifer that lies beneath the Airport and surrounding lands and runs off in three different directions - West , South and North ( towards Togher ) , it is the marsh at the end of the Airport runway which is mostly looked on as its starting point. Replete with bull-rushes and furze bushes , this marsh slowly squeezes out its watery deposits which forms a pool in a gulley infested with water skaters and other small marine life before flowing under Corcoran's Bridge.


Corcoran's Bridge - Close Up 01 - Togher side


Corcoran's Bridge - Close Up 02 - Togher side


Corcoran's Bridge - Wide Angle - Togher side


Liberty Stream heading away from 
Corcoran's Bridge


Liberty Stream - stone escarpment - before descent


A failed attempt to abseil unaided down the opposite side of the road to have a closer look at the other side of the Bridge soon resulted in a frantic search for an alternative route. Turning a corner , the team found a spring loaded farm gate and lost no time in entering the field and trekking down to the stream's edge. Here the view that greeted them could only be described as breathtaking. The full grandeur of Corcoran's Bridge presented itself in all its glory for anybody who cared to see. Local rumour has it that two brothers of the titular name built the quaint structure , but whether they were farm labourers or stone masons is unknown. Suffice to say , the bridge must be of ancient origin , such is the quality of its stonework , which is sadly lacking today in this age of precast concrete and self assembly. Further down from the flow of water , there is a stone escarpment , which rather unnervingly leads the stream down a vertigo inducing drop of 400ft , progressively as it moves through the gradient which dips in 50 foot increments until it reaches Togher's second original stone arched bridge at Togher Cross , this particular one being all but made invisible by tarmac and overgrowth. It should also be noted that the stream takes its name - Liberty - from the old now defunct South Liberties of the County of the City of Cork. Kathleen also mentioned that a " second " Liberty Stream exists in a westerly direction from this location and may be a dis-tributary of the original ( this location will be visited soon ).


Original Water Pump and Enclosure 
- Doughcloyne Hill


Original elevated and stepped former 
Water Pump - Spur Cross


The teams next stop was to visit what is arguably Togher's last remaining authentic hand powered Water Pump. This now de-commissioned relic is housed inside a three walled enclosure just in off the road next to Joan Sexton's house on Doughcloyne Hill. Originally the hand operated pump had a plunger which when pulled up by the action of depressing the handle would create a vacuum , thus forcing well water to fill same and gush forth from the spout and into a waiting bucket. Another location at Spur Cross was visited which sported the same style of enclosure but with an elevated and stepped platform. Alas , only the base of the Water Pump remains today.


Marian House aka Hayesleigh near Cork Airport


Marion House was the next brief stop for a quick photo opportunity. This building has recently been renovated by its new owners. Originally this would have been called Haysleigh and even before that was known as Cruiskeen Lodge and is quite near the modern Airport.


Frontal View - Chetwynd House off Meaghers Lane


Of course no sojourn of Toghers wide open spaces would be complete without a visit to Chetwynd House. This is reached by traveling over a small stone railway bridge ( which the old Cork Bandon train would have traveled under before engaging with the famous Chetwynd Viaduct ) before driving down a steep road and turning in left to a narrow lane. This house was the seat of the Meaghers and it is from that name that the lane acquired its moniker.


Side View - Chetwynd House 
with later added single storey outhouse



Seperate Workhouse adjoining forecourt


Next on the agenda was the old Hegarty's House up Doughcloyne Hill ( the man of the house being a bus driver ) who subsequently sold up ( due in no small part to the fact that they had no running water and also because they were on the Corporation waiting list at the time ) and moved to Hazel road. This now abandoned quaint old structure now lies derelict and locked behind a metal gate and guarded by high stone walls.


Abandoned Hegarty House up Doughcloyne Hill


 Gated entrance to Hegarty House


A fleeting encounter was made with the Teampaleen , Cros na Gol aka Cros na Scoil and sundry others , but they will be the subject of a future visit such is the comprehensive history that is associated with them!